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	<title>Mercurial &#187; Science</title>
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	<description>Weighty, fluid, brilliant and toxic</description>
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		<title>Gender and imagery in science</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2009/02/04/gender-and-imagery-in-science/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2009/02/04/gender-and-imagery-in-science/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2009 20:07:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Academia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gender and Relationships]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sex]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gender]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[research]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mercurial.cc/?p=2353</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>It is interesting to note how our own cultural biases change and sometimes impede the scientific research. That is the case in fertilization, as Emily Martin studied:
In fact, biologists could have figured out a hundred years ago that sperm are weak forward-propulsion units, but it’s hard for men to accept the idea that sperm are [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is interesting to note how our own cultural biases change and sometimes impede the scientific research. That is the case in fertilization, as Emily Martin <a href="http://discovermagazine.com/1992/jun/theaggressiveegg55" title="aggressive egg is fertile">studied</a>:<br />
<blockquote>In fact, biologists could have figured out a hundred years ago that sperm are weak forward-propulsion units, but it’s hard for men to accept the idea that sperm are best at escaping. The imagery you employ guides you to ask certain questions and to not ask certain others.</p></blockquote>
<p>Similar cognitive biases arise in other sciences, as can be seen with economists trying to explain everything through a <a href=" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_agent" title="the rational agent">rational agents</a>, and politicians defending its offshoot, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_market" title="market is weak">perfect market forces</a>. This bias obscures that which is obvious, and more dangerous, helps create a story, a myth of science, which then is used by our modern civilization to navigate: our current policies are modeled through these myths, and these are informed through our collective ideation of reality &#8211; even though it is flawed.</p>
<p>Via <a href="http://shutupsitdown.co.uk/2009/02/04/links-for-2009-02-04/" title="links for your pleasure">Shut up sit down</a>.</p>
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		<title>Happy Colombia Independence Day!</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/07/20/happy-colombia-independence-day/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/07/20/happy-colombia-independence-day/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Jul 2007 17:12:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[History and the like]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/07/20/happy-colombia-independence-day/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>So now we celebrate the Dia de la Independencia de Colombia, remembering the words by Acevedo y Gomez:
 Si perdéis estos momentos de efervescencia y calor, si dejáis escapar esta ocasión única y feliz, antes de doce horas seréis tratados como insurgentes: ved los calabozos, los grillos y las cadenas que os esperan.</p>
<p>How fitting: It [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://flickr.com/photos/ellectric/32557130/" title="independencia de colombia"><img class="imageleft" src="/images/32557130_dc6390b985.jpg" alt="32557130_dc6390b985.jpg" title="independencia de colombia" /></a>So now we celebrate the Dia de la Independencia de Colombia, remembering the words by <a href="http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/biografias/acevjose.htm" title="Jose Acevedo y Gomez">Acevedo y Gomez</a>:<br />
<blockquote> Si perdéis estos momentos de efervescencia y calor, si dejáis escapar esta ocasión única y feliz, antes de doce horas seréis tratados como insurgentes: ved los calabozos, los grillos y las cadenas que os esperan.</p></blockquote>
<p>How fitting: It takes a revolution that occurred 197 years ago to think again about who we are, what we are worth and how the regimes, the people, and the institutions that insist on stripping away our humanity have to be replaced, removed and remade according to more enlightened principles.<br />
This discussion of freedom and equality doesn&#8217;t come cheap: just translating the Universal Declaration of Human Rights will end you up in jail; just demanding those rights from the authorities will end you dead; just walking in front of tanks will end you up in isolation. Yet people do it, across cultures and times, religions and ideologies, across cultures and backgrounds &#8211; the basic human rights are universal, and we all understand at a very basic level the absolute right to a decent existence.</p>
<p><a href="http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/apollo/apollo11/html/s69_40308.html" title="colombian on the moon"><img class="imageleft" src="/images/s69_40308.jpg" alt="s69_40308.jpg" title="the first man on the moon, a colombian?" width="400px" /></a>Did you know that the first man in the Moon was a Colombian?<br />
According to Luis Dueñas Gallo, author of &#8220;La otra realidad&#8221;, book number 8 in the Enciclopedia Familiar Colcultura, which you will never find anywhere anymore, Neil Armstrong visited Colombia way back in the 60s, before he was an astronaut, before he was even in the cards, and received an honorary Colombian citizenship. </p>
<p>What? Honorary Colombian? What for? Well, knowing Colombian penchant for pomp and circumstance, it is fitting: the guys flies planes, shows up to say hello, and the ruling President just makes him part of the family, as it were &#8211; I have heard of those 60s presidents, and they were prone to those extremely public displays of affection; besides, the country was at war (still is) so every local celebrity, real or made up, was good enough to divert attention from the daily pain.</p>
<p>38 years ago, <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/21/newsid_2635000/2635845.stm" title="man on the moon">it was on the 20th of july</a> that we heard<br />
<blockquote>That&#8217;s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.</p></blockquote>
<p>And then NASA lost the tapes. Bummer.</p>
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		<title>Pain is just an oil away</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/06/11/pain-is-just-an-oil-away/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/06/11/pain-is-just-an-oil-away/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Jun 2007 13:14:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Dynamics and Complexity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mind]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/06/11/pain-is-just-an-oil-away/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>From wired, it now happens that nerves may transmit information using a mechanism akin to sound waves, not electric signals!
Since olive oil is similar to the lipid molecules that make up nerve cells, Jackson and Heimburg started questioning the generally accepted belief that anesthetics block electrical pulses by fitting themselves into pain receptors on cells. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>From <a href="http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2007/06/nerve_communication" title="so, instead of wired, we are actually hollow tubes?">wired</a>, it now happens that nerves may transmit information using a mechanism akin to sound waves, not electric signals!<br />
<blockquote>Since olive oil is similar to the lipid molecules that make up nerve cells, Jackson and Heimburg started questioning the generally accepted belief that anesthetics block electrical pulses by fitting themselves into pain receptors on cells. That seems next to impossible, they said, because anesthetic molecules come in many shapes and sizes, and it&#8217;s difficult to imagine that they all happen to physically fit into all receptors.</p></blockquote>
<p> People are not happy:<br />
<blockquote>The theory has not been well received. Few are convinced that the inexplicability of anesthetics is reason to dismiss the Hodgkin-Huxley model. One molecular biologist and ion channel expert even refused to comment on record about the theory because he found it too preposterous.</p></blockquote>
<p>Links to the <a href="http://www.biophysj.org/cgi/rapidpdf/biophysj.106.099754v1" title="thermodynamics of anesthesia">paper</a>,  and the researchers&#8217; websites: <a href="http://www.nbi.dk/~jackson/" title="AD">Andrew Jackson</a> and <a href="http://www.nbi.dk/~theimbu/TH-welcome.html" title="TH">Thomas Heimburg</a>.<br />
Thomas Kuhn <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Structure-Scientific-Revolutions-Thomas-Kuhn/dp/0226458083/" title="ssr">wrote</a> that our understanding of science changes according to the new and unexplained facts that challenge our world view, generating a crisis, and debunking old theories. This might be happening here: anomalies that generate new knowledge, and bring the old owners of a theory into a crisis: that&#8217;s how science advances.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Plastic brain, purple rain</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/05/30/plastic-brain-purple-rain/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/05/30/plastic-brain-purple-rain/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 May 2007 12:29:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mind]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2007/05/30/plastic-brain-purple-rain/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>OK, so that is a bad word game, yet the plasticity of the brain appears to be nothing short of amazing, miraculous, and incomprehensible just yet; from the NYTimes:</p>
<p>For patients with brain injury, the revolution brings only good news, as Dr. Doidge describes in numerous examples. A woman with damage to the inner ear’s vestibular [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>OK, so that is a bad word game, yet the plasticity of the brain appears to be nothing short of amazing, miraculous, and incomprehensible just yet; from the <a title="i am getting this book"  href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/29/health/29book.html?ex=1338091200&#038;en=f323f4cde0bd7ad8&#038;ei=5090&#038;partner=rssuserland&#038;emc=rss">NYTimes</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>For patients with brain injury, the revolution brings only good news, as Dr. Doidge describes in numerous examples. A woman with damage to the inner ear’s vestibular system, where the sense of balance resides, feels as if she is in constant free fall, tumbling through space like an ocean bather pulled under by the surf. Sitting in a neuroscience lab, she puts a set of electrodes on the surface of her tongue, a wired-up hard hat on her head, and the feel of falling stops. The apparatus connects to a computer to create an external vestibular system, replacing her damaged one by sending the proper signals to her brain via her tongue.</p></blockquote>
<p>And I am <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Brain-That-Changes-Itself-Frontiers/dp/067003830X/" title="I am telling you, brain science!">getting the book</a>.</p>
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		<title>Pluto loves you</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2006/08/18/pluto-loves-you/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2006/08/18/pluto-loves-you/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 18 Aug 2006 10:23:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://confusedkid.com/mercurial/?p=2136</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Amid all the controversies regarding Pluto&#8217;s status as a planet, there comes the most judicious voice of all, thanks to a very
&#8220;special messagefor Scott &#8220;Pluto Hayta&#8221; Westerfeld.
You don&#8217;t argue with that logic.
Technorati: astronomy, humor, video</p>
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Amid all the controversies regarding Pluto&#8217;s status as a planet, there comes the most judicious voice of all, thanks to a very<br />
<a title="Whatever: A Special Message for Scott "Pluto Hayta" Westerfeld" href="http://www.scalzi.com/whatever/004405.html">&#8220;special messagefor Scott &#8220;Pluto Hayta&#8221; Westerfeld</a>.<br />
You don&#8217;t argue with that logic.<br />
Technorati: <a href="http://technorati/tag/astronomy" rel="tag">astronomy</a>, <a href="http://technorati/tag/humor" rel="tag">humor</a>, <a href="http://technorati/tag/video" rel="tag">video</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Flat universe</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2005/11/16/flat-universe/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2005/11/16/flat-universe/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Nov 2005 11:40:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://confusedkid.com/mercurial/?p=2041</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>The world is round, but the Universe is flat, as suggested by physicist Raphael Bousso:
The holographic bound that the entropy (log of number of quantum states) of a system is bounded from above by a quarter of the area of a circumscribing surface measured in Planck areas is widely regarded a desideratum of any fundamental [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="floatright" src="/images/flatuni.jpg" alt="flatuni.jpg" title="flat universe lecture" />The world is round, but the Universe is <a title="The Universe is Only Pretending, Physicist Says - The Daily Californian" href="http://www.dailycal.org/article.php?id=20361">flat</a>, as suggested by physicist <a href="http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/gr-qc/0007062">Raphael Bousso</a>:<br />
<blockquote>The holographic bound that the entropy (log of number of quantum states) of a system is bounded from above by a quarter of the area of a circumscribing surface measured in Planck areas is widely regarded a desideratum of any fundamental theory, but some exceptions occur. By suitable black hole gedanken experiments I show that the bound follows from the generalized second law for two broad classes of isolated systems: generic weakly gravitating systems composed of many elementary particles, and quiescent, nonrotating strongly gravitating configurations well above Planck mass. These justify an early claim by Susskind.</p></blockquote>
<p>OK. For a more lay discussion of the subject, let&#8217;s all go to <a href="http://online.itp.ucsb.edu/online/bblunch/bousso/">the talk itself</a>.<br />
via <a href="http://www.droll.org/2005/11/14/so-did-i-just-blow-your-mind/">droll</a></p>
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		<title>Synthomeat</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2005/07/11/synthomeat/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2005/07/11/synthomeat/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Jul 2005 10:08:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://confusedkid.com/mercurial/?p=1982</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Meat grown in huge vats could be a possibility. But really, do we want to have a synthosteak? And what are the energy benefits of such a thing, ie, how much energy goes into it and what goes out of it?  And with the recent scandals, how much of chemicals do we really want [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Meat grown in huge vats <a title="Paper Says Edible Meat Can be Grown in a Lab on Industrial Scale :: University Communications Newsdesk, University of Maryland" href="http://www.newsdesk.umd.edu/scitech/release.cfm?ArticleID=1098">could be a possibility</a>. But really, do we want to have a synthosteak? And what are the energy benefits of such a thing, ie, how much energy goes into it and what goes out of it?  And with the recent scandals, how much of chemicals do we really want in our body?<br />
I can think of a thousand more efficient ways of producing high quality protein (OK, only two or three) to feed a huge population, but instead of relying on a centralized distributor of an artificial paste I would focus on the available products from local farms.</p>
<p>I have two questions regarding this homogenized synthomeat: What are going to be the filters that prevent accumulation of toxins in that meat? How are the technicians and corporation using this going to ensure the proper quality of this meat, when they all will be working for a minimum investment and a maximized profit?</p>
<p>God, I am sounding like a Luddite, but the points are relevant. Nowadays we spend incredible amounts of energy raising cattle, in the most inhumane and anti-hygienic conditions possible, only to throw a high percentage of that meat as leftovers and spoiled goods. We are all paying for the externalities of such a gigantic and skewed industry: health problems and environmental pollution, bringing you such beauties as high cholesterol, air pollution, endocrine disruption and antibiotic resistance. Now think that again, but complicated by the fact that the meat doesn&#8217;t exist anymore within a survival system, ie the cow, but in a tank where all kinds of cheap untested chemicals are going to go, all in the interest of maximizing shareholder value.</p>
<p>Bad idea.</p>
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		<title>Fleshy T Rex</title>
		<link>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2005/03/24/fleshy-t-rex/</link>
		<comments>http://www.mercurial.cc/archives/2005/03/24/fleshy-t-rex/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Mar 2005 22:44:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Camilo</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Science]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://confusedkid.com/mercurial/?p=1922</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>A dinosaur is like an Oreo: the good stuff is inside. Mary Highby Schwitzer found soft tissue in the remnants of a Tyrannosaurus Rex. Jack Horner, another paleontologist, said
&#8220;Dinosaurs are relatively rare and we certainly think of Tyrannosaurus rex as being really rare — although it really isn&#8217;t &#8211; so people tend not to want [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A dinosaur is like an Oreo: the good stuff is inside. <a title="MSNBC - Scientists recover T. rex soft tissue" href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/7285683/">Mary Highby Schwitzer</a> found soft tissue in the remnants of a Tyrannosaurus Rex. Jack Horner, another paleontologist, said<br />
<blockquote>&#8220;Dinosaurs are relatively rare and we certainly think of Tyrannosaurus rex as being really rare — although it really isn&#8217;t &#8211; so people tend not to want to cut holes into the bone or cut them in half,&#8221; he said.<br />
&#8220;But to study the cellular and molecular structures of these things you have to do that.&#8221; The &#8220;good stuff,&#8221; he said, is on the inside.</p></blockquote>
<p>The current debate is not whether this tissue can actually provide DNA or broader knowledge on the biology and physiology of dinosaurs. No, it is about the argument postulated by Intelligent Design advocates, interested in twisting science to their own end, and saying that this find proves a younger universe &#8211; one created by somebody, some alien with magical powers.<br />
Just in case you ask, there is no blood on those fossils! Only heme, a precursor of hemoglobine.<br />
Anyway, let&#8217;s see what can the MontanaU professors find about poor T Rex.</p>
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